Compostable: Held To A Higher Standard
“Compostable” products, on the other hand, must meet more stringent criteria. Compostable materials are designed to break down into non-toxic components – typically CO2, water, inorganic compounds, and biomass – within a specific time frame and under defined conditions. Importantly, for a product to be labeled as compostable, it must not leave behind any harmful residues that could contaminate the compost or harm plant growth.
The gold standard for compostability in North America is obtaining a commercial compost certification through the Biodegradable Products Institute or BPI. BPI provides certification services for compostable products that meet ASTM D6400 or D6868 testing standards, which means those products can be composted in industrial facilities, breaking down completely within about 90 days. Some products are even certified for home composting through TÜV Austria, although this process usually takes longer due to lower temperatures and less microbial activity in home compost systems.
A critical advantage of compostable products is that they contribute to the creation of nutrient-rich compost, which can be used to improve soil health and reduce the need for chemical fertilizers. However, it’s important to note that compostable products need to be disposed of properly. If compostable items end up in a landfill or the environment, they may not break down as intended, leading to a similar problem as biodegradable products.